Educational psychologist

Educational psychologists work with children, young people, families and schools, using psychology to promote positive outcomes in relation to wellbeing, communication and learning

As an educational psychologist, you'll work collaboratively with children and young people from birth to 25 years old, alongside families and schools. You will support children with learning, social or communication difficulties, and help schools to meet the needs of young people who are finding it difficult to manage their emotions.

Educational psychologists work in several ways:

• on an individual level - assessing a child's needs and working with schools to implement provision that meets the identified needs
• at a group level - supporting a set of children with similar needs
• supporting the systems around the child - for example, supporting a school to develop their inclusion policy.

You'll use a variety of techniques when working directly with children and young people to assess their needs. These can include observations, tests, assessments, questionnaires and interviews. Consultation and collaboration with parents, carers, teachers, social workers, doctors and other people involved in the child's education are also important ways in which you can gather information.

From here, you will support schools and parents to develop a range of appropriate interventions and strategies. These can include learning programmes, strategies to support emotional regulation and collaborative work with teachers or parents.

You may also provide in-service training for teachers, teaching assistants and other professionals on issues such as staff wellbeing or a relational understanding of behaviour. A further aspect to the job is research and advising on educational provisions and policies.

Responsibilities

As an educational psychologist, you'll need to:

• assess children's learning and emotional needs
• design, develop and support therapeutic and behaviour management programmes
• consult with multi-agency teams to advise on the best approaches and provisions to support learning and development
• support parents, carers, teachers and others involved with the education of children and young people
• design and develop projects involving children and young people
• write reports making recommendations on action to be taken
• advise, persuade, support and negotiate with teachers, parents and other education professionals
• attend case conferences involving multidisciplinary teams on how best to meet the social, emotional, behavioural and learning needs of the children and young people in your care
• prioritise effectiveness - the context and environment that influence the child's development are seen as increasingly important
• conduct active research
• formulate interventions that focus on applying knowledge, skills and expertise to support local and national initiatives
• develop and apply effective interventions to promote psychological wellbeing, social, emotional and behavioural development, and to raise educational standards
• advise on policy planning and organisation if working within a local authority.

Salary

• Trainee educational psychologists in England and Wales are provided with a bursary of £16,266 (for courses outside London) and £16,715 (for courses in London) in year one. In years two and three, most employers offer practice placements during which you will continue to receive a bursary. However, some placements will offer a salaried role for trainees in years two and three, which can range from £29,872 to £37,473.
• Once fully qualified, salaries begin at £42,422 and rise incrementally up to £61,848. This can increase to £65,120 with the addition of structured professional assessment points.
• Senior and principal educational psychologists can earn from £52,678 to £74,297. With the addition of discretionary scale points and structured professional assessment points, this can increase to £86,587.
• Fully qualified educational psychologists in Scottish local authorities earn in the region of £54,438 to £69,246. Salaries for senior educational psychologists are £73,560 and can rise to up to £85,170 for principal educational psychologists.

Salaries and bursaries in the London area attract a London weighting.

In England and Wales most salaries are set using the Soulbury Agreement.

Pay scales in Scotland are set by the Scottish Negotiating Committee for Teachers (SNCT) and are similar to those set by the Soulbury committee.

Income figures are intended as a guide only.

Working hours

Working hours are usually 37 hours per week, Monday to Friday. This can include some evening work for parent-teacher meetings. Flexibility is common, provided the job requirements are met.

There are opportunities for part-time work, career breaks and job-sharing.

What to expect

• You'll usually have a central office base and travel locally to schools and clients' homes as required. Opportunities are available throughout the UK.
• You'll usually work as part of a multidisciplinary team and will collaborate closely with teachers, as well as with other education, health and social services professionals.
• Self-employment and freelance work as a consultant are an option for experienced educational psychologists. The work is more likely to be focused on individuals, or within certain sectors, such as independent schools.
• The work can be challenging as it involves contact with children and young people who are facing difficulties but can also be rewarding.
• Educational psychologists receive supervision throughout their career.

Qualifications

To practise as an educational psychologist in the UK you must be registered with the Health & Care Professions Council (HCPC), which involves training at postgraduate level.

To begin training you'll normally need Graduate Basis for Chartered Membership (GBC), which is achieved by completing a psychology degree or conversion course accredited by The British Psychological Society (BPS). For a full list of GBC qualifying courses, see BPS - Accredited Courses.

For England, Wales and Northern Ireland, you'll then need to complete a three-year, BPS-accredited Doctorate in educational psychology (or equivalent).

The Association of Educational Psychologists (AEP) manages the recruitment process for courses in England. The government provides funding for the course in partnership with employers via the Educational Psychology Funded Training (EPFT) scheme. For full information and details of accredited courses, see AEP - Training. Self-funded places are occasionally available.

Courses in Wales and Northern Ireland are offered by Cardiff University and Queen's University Belfast and are funded by the Welsh government and Northern Ireland Department of Education respectively. They have their own admissions process.

Entry onto an accredited Doctorate course is becoming increasingly competitive and requires a good first degree, usually a 2:1 or higher, as well as a minimum of one year's full-time experience working with children and young people in an education, health, social care, youth justice or childcare setting. Entry requirements vary between courses, so contact admissions tutors for full details.

Some universities may accept a 2:2 if you have extensive experience and have completed further professional development. They are looking for evidence that you can cope with the rigours of doctoral-level study, which usually means a research MSc or MPhil in an education-related subject. Check with universities direct before applying.

Most of your first year on the Doctorate is university-based, while in your second and third year you'll spend three to four days a week on a practice-based placement with a local authority educational psychology service or other approved provider. You'll also need to complete a substantial piece of research and a dissertation.

Successful completion of the Doctorate leads to eligibility to apply for chartered membership of the BPS, full membership of the BPS Division of Educational and Child Psychology, and entry to the HCPC register as an educational psychologist.

There are two stages of training to become an educational psychologist in Scotland. Stage 1 consists of completing a BPS-accredited two-year, full-time MSc in educational psychology at a Scottish university (currently the University of Dundee). Fees and living costs are paid via a partnership between the Scottish government and Scottish local authorities.

You will then go on Stage 2, the Qualification in Educational Psychology (Scotland), a doctoral-level qualification that consists of a year (or part-time equivalent) of supervised practice in a local authority educational psychology service. At the end of the training, you'll need to submit a portfolio of competence for assessment. Fees are paid by the Scottish government.

On successful completion of the QEP(S), you're eligible for HCPC registration, as well as chartered membership of the BPS and full membership of the Scottish Division of Educational Psychology.

Funding arrangements for the Doctorate and QEP (Scotland) have conditions attached, such as the requirement to practise for a certain period of time post-qualification as an educational psychologist in the relevant funding nation. See the AEP website for details.

All students are subject to a criminal records check.

Skills

You'll need to have:

• excellent communication and interpersonal skills
• sensitivity, tact and diplomacy
• an open-minded and sensitive approach when dealing with children and young people
• the ability to explore emotional issues with children and young people
• a healthy curiosity and research-minded approach to work
• analytical skills
• the ability to work as part of a team
• the ability to be assertive, persuasive and an effective facilitator
• independence and self-motivation
• self-awareness, self-knowledge, security and self-belief
• the ability to work under pressure
• time management skills to manage a caseload and prioritise your workload
• a flexible and adaptable approach to work, with the ability to use your own initiative
• an understanding of confidentiality and how to deal with sensitive information
• understanding of cultural and religious diversity.

Work experience

While you are at university, try to get paid or voluntary experience of working with children and young people. Ideally, this experience should be an education, residential or special educational needs (SEN) setting.

To be accepted onto a postgraduate course, you'll need at least one year's full-time experience (or part-time equivalent) working with children and young people in an education, health, social care, early years or youth justice setting.

At least nine months of this experience must be paid employment. The other three months can be sustained relevant voluntary experience (or you can do the full 12 months as paid work).

Experience as a teacher is valuable, and many successful applicants are experienced teachers. Other relevant roles include education social worker or social work assistant, assistant psychologist, teaching assistant, learning mentor or literacy tutor, careers adviser, community education officer, residential child care officer, care worker, speech and language therapist, or early years worker.

Course providers will be looking at how you've applied your knowledge of psychology, what you've learnt from your experience and how it is relevant to the role of an educational psychologist.

Find out more about the different kinds of work experience and internships that are available.

Employers

Most educational psychologists in England and Wales are employed by local authority children's services. In Scotland, most newly qualified educational psychologists are employed by the local authority educational psychology service or psychological service. In Northern Ireland, the main employer is the Education Authority.

Other employers include:

• colleges
• community environments
• NHS hospital trusts - typically in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS)
• nurseries
• private consultancies
• social enterprises
• schools (public and independent sector)
• special units
• voluntary and charitable organisations such as Barnardo's or the National Autistic Society.

There are also opportunities for experienced educational psychologists to work on a self-employed basis as a sole practitioner or in a private practice partnership.

You might also work in a research establishment or university and become involved in teaching as well as research.

Look for job vacancies at:

• AEP Careers - vacancies available to members.
• Jobs in Psychology
• LG Jobs
• myjobscotland
• NHS Jobs

Professional development

Once qualified, continuing professional development (CPD) will be an integral part of your career and is an essential requirement of retaining your HCPC registration.

Your ongoing development should include a mixture of directed and self-directed activities, including:

• post-qualification courses, which help to develop your knowledge of different theoretical approaches
• professional supervision
• lecturing, teaching or giving presentations
• attending workshops or conferences to learn about new therapeutic techniques or 'tools'
• topical research, writing articles or papers
• mentoring, supervising or assessing trainees
• development of expertise with a particular age group (e.g. pre-school or primary) or a particular condition, e.g. dyspraxia or autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Courses in areas such as IT skills, teamworking and time management are often available from your employer. A formal management qualification can be useful if you're looking to move into a senior role.

Membership of the AEP, the trade union and professional association for educational psychologists in the UK, is open to assistant, trainee and qualified educational psychologists. It provides a range of benefits including courses and events, legal advice and assistance, and access to the AEP's Educational Psychology in Practice journal.

You'll need to keep an up-to-date and accurate record of your professional development activities and show that your CPD contributes to the quality of your practice and service delivery, and benefits your clients.

More information can be found at BPS Continuing Professional Development.

Career prospects

According to the AEP, career prospects for newly-qualified educational psychologists are currently good as demand generally outstrips supply in the public sector.

There's a defined organisational structure and a clear progression route in local authority work to senior and principal educational psychologist roles. However, there are a limited number of steps on the ladder.

In a large authority, psychological services are usually organised into districts, with individual psychologists responsible for most of the work in their own area. Also, there are likely to be some specialist posts held by experienced practitioners, for example working in specialist units or with one particular condition.

Career development can take many forms. For some people, the option to become self-employed, undertake work on a freelance basis or become an active member within the profession will provide new challenges. There are also opportunities to influence policies and develop best-practice models.

Another way you might develop your career is by specialising in a particular area of psychology, often selected through local need. If you're able to choose a specialty, opt for one that you have an affinity with as you should enjoy the research.